A Case for Kenya Essay Example for Free

A Case for Kenya Essay Foreword Following more than two years of considering, I was allowed the chance to do an exploration venture as a component of my graduation. Since I needed to travel to another country for a more extended time, I attempted to search for temporary jobs in nations outside the Netherlands. In my subsequent year, I did a temporary position at Move Your World. Move Your World means to make mindfulness on (business) advancement issues among youthful Dutch residents by arranging workshops, classes and rivalries. Working with this subject for five months caused me to acknowledge I needed to discover a temporary job in a creating nation, concentrating on business points. After the entry level position, Move Your World extended to me an employment opportunity as an undertaking partner. The set of working responsibilities said I needed to work with global advancement matters and I needed to have the opportunity stage on the site. This implied most opportunities with respect to global improvement would wind up in my inbox. I accepted the position and one of my primary objectives was to locate an appropriate entry level position abroad, with respect to a type of business subject. See more: Beowulf paper article Fortunately, in October 2010, Stichting AfriCulture’s opportunity dropped in my inbox. There were two principle viewpoints that set off my consideration. As a matter of first importance, it was in a creating nation, Kenya. Besides, I needed to develop a strategy for an association. It fit impeccably to my desires. I applied and I was chosen to go to Kenya, along with two other Dutch business understudies. For as far back as a quarter of a year I directed an exploration for Mizizi Foundation, an association that attempts to make mindfulness on Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Entrepreneurship among Kenyans. The difficult I managed was figuring out how to restart Mizizi Foundation. Working with an authoritative restart issue was exceptionally fascinating to me, since I may jump at the chance to set up an association myself later on. Moreover, I took in a ton about Corporate Social Responsibility. I currently accept that actualizing a Corporate Social Responsibility-strategy is an unquestionable requirement for all associations on the planet. I might want to express gratitude toward Anoek Vriesema, executive of Stichting AfriCulture, for choosing me to go to Kenya and for having confidence in my capacities. Likewise, I might want to express gratitude toward Mr. Van Nispen, my manager, for his productive exhort on my proposal, and Froukje Joosten, my mom, who is a specialist, for her time-less tolerance in experiencing my work. Extraordinary much gratitude goes out to three people specifically. Most importantly, to my two dear associates Marleen and Ester, with whom I have been living and working for as far back as a quarter of a year. We figured out how to consolidate a great deal of fun with genuine work, which brought about an excellent strategy and kinship forever. To wrap things up, I might want to say thanks to George Muni, seat of Mizizi Foundation, for his expert demeanor and his delight, and for giving me the likelihood to incorporate in the Kenyan lifestyle. Muni was committed to proceed with Mizizi. As Muni called it, â€Å"Mizizi is a phoenix going to ascend from the ashes.† Mizizi is the Kiswahili word for roots.

Baskerville Murder Essay

Murder secret stories are among the most mainstream book class. Murder riddles will ordinarily comprise of an obscure homicide that slaughtered a noteworthy character. The investigator needs to settle on numerous suspects with signs the individual found over the span of the book. Writers regularly compose books of this kind since they give the peruser a sentiment of anticipation and disarray as they read the story. It keeps them speculating and exchanging their sentiments as new realities are perused. In The Hound of the Baskervilles by Arthur Conan Doyle, heroes, Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson meet numerous individuals included while attempting to discover the killer of Sir Charles Baskerville, as said to be a legendary evil spirit dog. Despite the fact that there are numerous subjects on account of the homicide, Dr. Mortimer, The Barrymores, Jack Stapleton, and Roger Baskerville. Dr. James Mortimer is a clinical expert. He is portrayed as tall, dainty, and pleasant with rather flighty propensities. He is the primary presume Holmes and Watson meet and the individual to inform them regarding the case. He is potentially the killer since he was accountable for Sir Charles will when he kicked the bucket. He could of controlled the will to his own utilization. By slaughtering Sir Charles the will follows whatever he would of made it. He challenges Holmes in the introduction of the story to illuminate the case. He additionally possesses a canine as appeared on the carriage when him, Henry and Watson were made a beeline for Baskerville Hall and found by the nibble signs of his stick. Its conceivable that Mortimer could of utilized his canine and masked him as the dog to startle Charles a good ways off. He is additionally a nearby associate to the Baskervilles so he knows a great deal about the family that he could of utilized fro his arrangements. His data on Sir Cha rles’ condition at the time is clarified when Mortimer stated, â€Å"Within the most recent couple of months it turned out to be progressively plain to me that Sir Charles’s sensory system was stressed to the breaking point† (Doyle, 43). With this data he could had actually â€Å"scared him to death† with any implies that would identify with the hound’s revile. Mr. what's more, Mrs. Barrymore are workers to Sir Charles and Henry. Mr. Barrymore is portrayed as tall, dainty and has a dark facial hair. They are extremely near the Baskervilles since their family served them for ages. Their intentions could be after their riches or possibly within they are tired of serving them. The dog of legends could have been the Barrymores who served Hugo Baskerville and they were sick of an existence of subjugation. This dog could of went on from age to age. As far as anyone knows, Holmes and Watson initially observed Mr. Barrymore when they were pursuing a man in a van and the driver depicted him as a short man with a dark facial hair. At the point when Watson and Henry show up at Baskerville Hall, Mr. Barrymore says he and his better half would leave the corridor soon due to Charles’ demise and its excessively excruciating of them. With respect to Mrs. Barrymore, Watson says during the primary night, â€Å"And then out of nowhere, in the extremel y dead of the night, there came a sound to my ears†¦ It was the cry of a lady, the suppressed, choking heave of one who is torn by a wild sorrow† (Doyle, 159). The crying without a doubt originates from Mrs. Barrymore, which could have been caused, as Watson predicts, an eerie memory. Its conceivable the letter they got could likewise have something to do with the case. Jack Stapleton is a short man and a naturalist. He lives in the edges from different neighbors and the Baskerville Hall. He lives with his sister, Beryl and two workers. He turned into a suspect since Mortimer told Holmes and Watson that he knows the intricate details of the field. Watson initially meets him when he came up to Watson and started a discussion. Strangely, he was keen on what Holmes and Watson thinks about the case and murder up until now. Following a couple of days with Stapleton, Watson thinks something isn't directly about Stapleton and that he is concealing his real nature to him. His intentions could be that he is after the fortune of the family and just needs to be rich. At the point when Beryl came to Stapleton and Watson while they completed their discussion, she stated, â€Å"Go back! Go straight back to London, instantly†¦ Go away from this spot no matter what! Quiet, my sibling is coming! Not an expression of what I have said† (Doyle, 183). Thinki ng Watson was Henry, se gave him an admonition, however said not to tell Stapleton. She later clarifies that he doesn’t need Henry to leave in light of the fact that the individuals need somebody, yet Watson is very much aware she is concealing something. On the off chance that Stapleton was the executioner, he should be an ace of camouflage. At the point when the driver depicted the man as short and with a dark whiskers, Stapleton could of effortlessly put on a phony facial hair and delude the team. He would likewise approach Henry’s lodging and take his shoes and he could of camouflaged himself as the dog. Roger Baskerville was the â€Å"black sheep† of the family when Hugo Baskerville was the proprietor. He is the child of Hugo and the sibling of John. Mortimer expresses that he ran away to Latin America since he was an untouchable and disrespect to the family. Curiously enough, he never states on the off chance that he passed on while there. Roger could of returned for vengeance and would execute each Baskerville so he would be the main beneficiary left. On the off chance that he did endure and he returned, he is concealing some place from the individuals. What’s troublesome is that anybody could be him since its obscure what he resembles. As Mortimer and Henry travel to Baskerville Hall, they were halted and Perkins let them know, â€Å"There’s a convict got away from structure Princetown, sir. He’s been out for three days at this point, and the corrections officers each street an each station, however they’re had no sight of him yet† (Doyle , 146). Roger could be the convict, Selden, and murdered Charles previously or after he was tossed behind bars. Mortimer, the Barrymores, Stapleton and Roger Baskerville are the most probable suspects to the executioner. Out of the four Stapleton could be the executioner since he is more secretive than the others and the reality he realizes the field makes him the prime suspect. By and large, puzzle books are fascinating on the grounds that as the peruser proceeds with the story, their supposition will continue changing and gives the peruser the anticipation of who the individual is. The Hound of the Baskervilles is one of numerous phenomenal secret books.

Lewis and Clark Expedition essays

Lewis and Clark Expedition articles Enormous Car Companys treatment of its plant and gear delineates the verifiable cost rule. This rule requires the utilization of the trade cost at the time an exchange happens to be the reason for at first chronicle resources. At the point when Big Car underwrites the expense of plant and gear, it is charging the advantage represent the underlying expense. Huge Car utilizes the coordinating guideline when it distributes the expense over the future time frames. This rule expresses that costs are related with the incomes they helped the firm to win. Huge Car does that when it apportions cost over the future time frames that profit by the plant and hardware. The subjective quality of evidence is outlined by the way that Big Car Companys CPA firm concurs that Big Cars strategies are absolutely in consistence with proper accounting rules (GAAP). Unquestionable status implies that at least two bookkeepers taking a gander at a similar data would show up at roughly a similar outcome. Huge Car is utilizing materiality when it costs plant and hardware that cost under $500,000. Materiality permits firms to utilize a catalyst strategy to deal with sums that are too little to even think about affecting client choices. The plant and hardware meet the meaning of a benefit, so it is right that Big Car records them thusly. The definition says that advantages are likely future financial advantages acquired or constrained by a substance because of a past exchange. Huge Cars plant and gear meet each of the three pieces of the definition. ... <!

The Development of Chinese Tea Art - 2200 Words

The Development of Chinese Tea Art from the Ancient Days to the Modern Days (Research Paper Sample) Content: The Development of Chinese Tea Art from the Ancient Days to the Modern DaysStudents NameInstructors NameDateTable of Contents1. Introduction 32. Discussion 32.1 Chapter 1: Chinese Tea Historical Background 32.2 Chapter 2: Pre-Classical Period 42.3 Chapter 3: Classical Period (Tang Dynasty) 42.4 Chapter 4: Romantic Period (Song Dynasty) 52.5 Chapter 5: Naturalistic Period (Ming and Qing Dynasties) 62.6 Chapter 6: Present Day 83. Conclusion 94. Bibliography 10The Development of Chinese Tea Art from the Ancient Days to the Modern Days1. IntroductionThe Chinese tea art refers to the different techniques of preparing tea, the equipment used in its preparation, the tasting methods, and the ceremonies for which it is prepared. Tea forms part of the diverse Chinese culture due to its customary, medicinal, and occasional use. It also acts as a national heritage, which is crucial in the development of the Chinese economy. The art of tea in China differs from tea culture in othe r continents in such areas as preparation, tasting methods, and avenues for which it is consumed. The development of the Chinese tea art can be viewed through various milestones: (a) the discovery and protection of historic tea art, (b) formation of associations and organizations on tea art, (c) the improvement of tea arts through research, which has led to the growth of tea houses and tea tourism, and (d) an increase in public awareness and appreciation of tea culture as a social function. This paper seeks to explain the intricate details that led to the development of the Chinese tea art. 2. Discussion2.1 CHAPTER 1: Chinese Tea Historical BackgroundTea is probably the most popular beverage today, and it is not until the end of the 19th century that other countries started growing tea in large scale. Therefore, China can be termed as the homeland of tea. However, what the rest of the world refer to as tea is not the same as the Chinese tea, which is prepared the Chinese way. The Ch inese tea originates from the mountains of Yunnan province, which is deep in the southwestern corner of China. While tea had previously been used as food and medicine in the ancient days, the Chinese were the first community to unravel its therapeutic properties. With this knowledge, they developed unique methods of preparation, which has become an elaborate art and a hallmark of civilization in China. The Chinese way of brewing tea has always used leaves and water. Unlike many communities where they add honey, lemon, or sugar, the Chinese prefer their tea in its natural taste (Reid Janzen 2011, pp.17-19). 2.2 CHAPTER 2: Pre-Classical PeriodThe pre-classical period refers to the years before 618 A.D. Legend states that the first person to taste tea was Shien Non Shei, a man who had taken his family on a mountain climbing adventure. It is said that while climbing a mountain, he became thirsty and picked up a leaf that had drifted on his foot and squeezed its juice into his mouth. Th e taste of this liquid was so bitter that he decided to use it for medicinal purposes. In this regard, the legend held that Shien Non Shei was the first person to drink tea (Ten Ren n.d). The first credible resource of tea brewed and consumed was in 350 A.D, when Kuo Po incorporated tea in the ancient Chinese dictionary. He defined Chinese tea as a beverage made from boiled water and leaves. During this period, the preparation of tea included adding products such as oranges and ginger to the boiling tea leaves to make the tea. Despite its consumption for medicinal treatment of digestive and nervous illnesses, it was also bartered for other products during trade with other tribes. By the end of the pre-classical period, demand for tea had exceeded supply and farmers started cultivating it throughout China for sale.2.3 CHAPTER 3: Classical Period (Tang Dynasty)It is between 618 A.D and 907 A.D that the tea culture evolved into an art. Lu Yus book, Cha Ching, meaning Tea Classic, is th e accession of tea as part of the Chinese culture. The three volumes of this book cover every aspect of tea growing, tea preparation techniques, the Chinese way of brewing tea, and the ceremonial application of tea using 27 pieces of equipment. Due to Lu Yus efforts in Tea Classic, many people crowned him as the Father of Tea. The tea ceremonies demanded a great number of accessories and servants that only the noble connoisseurs could manage to produce. The affluent nobles comprised officials, scholars, and members of the imperial court that understood the teachings of Confucius. Their presence in tea ceremonies led to the development of a poetic aura in the Chinese tea culture. During this time, tea was traded in brick form. The tea leaves were crushed, steamed, and fired into a brick, which was later used to make tea by boiling a broken piece of the brick in water (Ten Ren n.d.).Before the Tang dynasty, food containers and tea ware had no clear distinction. As the culture of tea d rinking developed, the designs of tea vessels improved. At the culmination of the Tang dynasty, a perfect teapot had appeared the Zisha teapot. It was designed in Yixing, situated in between Zhejiang, Suzhou, and Anhui provinces, and near Taihu Lake. Yixing was a major tea production area and many high grade teas were collected here as a tribute to the emperor (Fang 2011, p.119).2.4 CHAPTER FOUR: Romantic Period (Song Dynasty)Between 690 A.D and 1279 A.D that every aspect of tea became refined by regulating its harvest. Sacrifices were made to mountain deities prior to the commencement of the harvest. After a particular day for harvesting was chosen, the tea pickers would pick tea to the rhythm of a cymbal or drum. Tea picking was done by young girls who had to maintain a given length of fingernails to prevent the leaves from touching their skin. The fresh harvest was graded and the best grades were presented to the emperor as a tribute. During this era, tea was highly valued and t he highest grade of tea was deemed as being priceless. The preparation of tea involved grinding a broken piece of tea brick and adding the powder into hot water, which was then stirred with a bamboo whisk (Ten Ren n.d.).It is in the Song dynasty that the construction of tea rooms and tea houses began. People met in the tea houses to enjoy tea at a spiritual and social level. Competitions arose among connoisseurs with regards to the manner in which the tea ceremonies were conducted, the quality water used, the tea leaves, and the brewed tea. During this time, art was incorporated into ceramic and used to make tea equipment. The tea bowls were wider and deeper to facilitate whipping of the grounded tea brick powder. Due to the lack of color in the prepared tea, the ceramic equipment had deep blue or black glazes to enhance the light green hue of the brewed tea. The most popular designs in ceramic bowls during this time was a black bowl with vertical lines running down its length call ed rabbits fur. Due to influences from the Zen philosophy, tea preparation became less complex and peaceful (Ten Ren n.d.).Other tea ware designs in the Song dynasty include the Jianyang kilns black-glazed tea ware of Fujian Province. In Chalu (The Record of Tea, 1049-1056), Cai Xiang, a Song dynasty scholar, wrote that the tea drink lacks color and should be served in black cups. The black glazed tea cup of the Jianyang kilns has a black interior with a hint of red, and tiny natural grains in the porcelain. The cup has a thick frame, allowing it to maintain the temperature of the tea at a desired level. (Fang 2011, pp.119)2.5 CHAPTER 5: Naturalistic Period (Ming and Qing Dynasties)During the naturalistic era (1368-1911 A.D), people from all walks of life accepted and enjoyed tea as a great beverage. Both pauper and prince, and people from the European region appreciated the nutritious and medicinal benefits of tea. It is a period in which tea became mentioned in the European books such as, Voyages and Travels by Gaimbattista Ramusio - secretary to the Venetian Council. In his book, Ramusio mentions the medicinal and health benefits of consuming tea. In 1606, the first consignments of the Chinese tea were imported by the Dutch East India Company, which led to the spread of tea consumption across Africa, Europe, and the rest of the Asia (Ten Ren n.d.). In 1973, a group of the U.S colonists boarded a ship belonging to the Dutch East India Trading Company and dumped its cargo in protests against taxation of tea by Great Britain. This event is referred to as the Boston Tea Party, and it is the reason tea is exempted from import tax in the United States. The preparation of tea during the Ming and Qing dynasties involved steeping loose leaves in hot water. Other methods of preparation cropped up during this period, leading to the development of different types of tea such as oolong, green, and black teas (Ten Ren n.d.).Yi Xing Zisha was the main tea ware in the Nort hern Song dynasty. However, it is in the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) that Zisha teapot-making designs were abounded and produced in imposing designs and striking styles by the tea-pot making masters. Zisha teapots were modelled according to the peoples emotions, interests, and attitudes towards life. They were decorated with paintings, poems and prose, scriptural elements and seal prints. During this time, loose tea leaves replaced the bunched and compressed tea. Tea brewing shifted from boiling bunched tea in water to boiling loose leaves in water. In the mid-Ming dynasty, people appreciated visual appeal, taste, and fragrance from tea. Teapots replaced small cups and were designed shallowly and small to offset the bitter... The Development of Chinese Tea Art - 2200 Words The Development of Chinese Tea Art from the Ancient Days to the Modern Days (Research Paper Sample) Content: The Development of Chinese Tea Art from the Ancient Days to the Modern DaysStudents NameInstructors NameDateTable of Contents1. Introduction 32. Discussion 32.1 Chapter 1: Chinese Tea Historical Background 32.2 Chapter 2: Pre-Classical Period 42.3 Chapter 3: Classical Period (Tang Dynasty) 42.4 Chapter 4: Romantic Period (Song Dynasty) 52.5 Chapter 5: Naturalistic Period (Ming and Qing Dynasties) 62.6 Chapter 6: Present Day 83. Conclusion 94. Bibliography 10The Development of Chinese Tea Art from the Ancient Days to the Modern Days1. IntroductionThe Chinese tea art refers to the different techniques of preparing tea, the equipment used in its preparation, the tasting methods, and the ceremonies for which it is prepared. Tea forms part of the diverse Chinese culture due to its customary, medicinal, and occasional use. It also acts as a national heritage, which is crucial in the development of the Chinese economy. The art of tea in China differs from tea culture in othe r continents in such areas as preparation, tasting methods, and avenues for which it is consumed. The development of the Chinese tea art can be viewed through various milestones: (a) the discovery and protection of historic tea art, (b) formation of associations and organizations on tea art, (c) the improvement of tea arts through research, which has led to the growth of tea houses and tea tourism, and (d) an increase in public awareness and appreciation of tea culture as a social function. This paper seeks to explain the intricate details that led to the development of the Chinese tea art. 2. Discussion2.1 CHAPTER 1: Chinese Tea Historical BackgroundTea is probably the most popular beverage today, and it is not until the end of the 19th century that other countries started growing tea in large scale. Therefore, China can be termed as the homeland of tea. However, what the rest of the world refer to as tea is not the same as the Chinese tea, which is prepared the Chinese way. The Ch inese tea originates from the mountains of Yunnan province, which is deep in the southwestern corner of China. While tea had previously been used as food and medicine in the ancient days, the Chinese were the first community to unravel its therapeutic properties. With this knowledge, they developed unique methods of preparation, which has become an elaborate art and a hallmark of civilization in China. The Chinese way of brewing tea has always used leaves and water. Unlike many communities where they add honey, lemon, or sugar, the Chinese prefer their tea in its natural taste (Reid Janzen 2011, pp.17-19). 2.2 CHAPTER 2: Pre-Classical PeriodThe pre-classical period refers to the years before 618 A.D. Legend states that the first person to taste tea was Shien Non Shei, a man who had taken his family on a mountain climbing adventure. It is said that while climbing a mountain, he became thirsty and picked up a leaf that had drifted on his foot and squeezed its juice into his mouth. Th e taste of this liquid was so bitter that he decided to use it for medicinal purposes. In this regard, the legend held that Shien Non Shei was the first person to drink tea (Ten Ren n.d). The first credible resource of tea brewed and consumed was in 350 A.D, when Kuo Po incorporated tea in the ancient Chinese dictionary. He defined Chinese tea as a beverage made from boiled water and leaves. During this period, the preparation of tea included adding products such as oranges and ginger to the boiling tea leaves to make the tea. Despite its consumption for medicinal treatment of digestive and nervous illnesses, it was also bartered for other products during trade with other tribes. By the end of the pre-classical period, demand for tea had exceeded supply and farmers started cultivating it throughout China for sale.2.3 CHAPTER 3: Classical Period (Tang Dynasty)It is between 618 A.D and 907 A.D that the tea culture evolved into an art. Lu Yus book, Cha Ching, meaning Tea Classic, is th e accession of tea as part of the Chinese culture. The three volumes of this book cover every aspect of tea growing, tea preparation techniques, the Chinese way of brewing tea, and the ceremonial application of tea using 27 pieces of equipment. Due to Lu Yus efforts in Tea Classic, many people crowned him as the Father of Tea. The tea ceremonies demanded a great number of accessories and servants that only the noble connoisseurs could manage to produce. The affluent nobles comprised officials, scholars, and members of the imperial court that understood the teachings of Confucius. Their presence in tea ceremonies led to the development of a poetic aura in the Chinese tea culture. During this time, tea was traded in brick form. The tea leaves were crushed, steamed, and fired into a brick, which was later used to make tea by boiling a broken piece of the brick in water (Ten Ren n.d.).Before the Tang dynasty, food containers and tea ware had no clear distinction. As the culture of tea d rinking developed, the designs of tea vessels improved. At the culmination of the Tang dynasty, a perfect teapot had appeared the Zisha teapot. It was designed in Yixing, situated in between Zhejiang, Suzhou, and Anhui provinces, and near Taihu Lake. Yixing was a major tea production area and many high grade teas were collected here as a tribute to the emperor (Fang 2011, p.119).2.4 CHAPTER FOUR: Romantic Period (Song Dynasty)Between 690 A.D and 1279 A.D that every aspect of tea became refined by regulating its harvest. Sacrifices were made to mountain deities prior to the commencement of the harvest. After a particular day for harvesting was chosen, the tea pickers would pick tea to the rhythm of a cymbal or drum. Tea picking was done by young girls who had to maintain a given length of fingernails to prevent the leaves from touching their skin. The fresh harvest was graded and the best grades were presented to the emperor as a tribute. During this era, tea was highly valued and t he highest grade of tea was deemed as being priceless. The preparation of tea involved grinding a broken piece of tea brick and adding the powder into hot water, which was then stirred with a bamboo whisk (Ten Ren n.d.).It is in the Song dynasty that the construction of tea rooms and tea houses began. People met in the tea houses to enjoy tea at a spiritual and social level. Competitions arose among connoisseurs with regards to the manner in which the tea ceremonies were conducted, the quality water used, the tea leaves, and the brewed tea. During this time, art was incorporated into ceramic and used to make tea equipment. The tea bowls were wider and deeper to facilitate whipping of the grounded tea brick powder. Due to the lack of color in the prepared tea, the ceramic equipment had deep blue or black glazes to enhance the light green hue of the brewed tea. The most popular designs in ceramic bowls during this time was a black bowl with vertical lines running down its length call ed rabbits fur. Due to influences from the Zen philosophy, tea preparation became less complex and peaceful (Ten Ren n.d.).Other tea ware designs in the Song dynasty include the Jianyang kilns black-glazed tea ware of Fujian Province. In Chalu (The Record of Tea, 1049-1056), Cai Xiang, a Song dynasty scholar, wrote that the tea drink lacks color and should be served in black cups. The black glazed tea cup of the Jianyang kilns has a black interior with a hint of red, and tiny natural grains in the porcelain. The cup has a thick frame, allowing it to maintain the temperature of the tea at a desired level. (Fang 2011, pp.119)2.5 CHAPTER 5: Naturalistic Period (Ming and Qing Dynasties)During the naturalistic era (1368-1911 A.D), people from all walks of life accepted and enjoyed tea as a great beverage. Both pauper and prince, and people from the European region appreciated the nutritious and medicinal benefits of tea. It is a period in which tea became mentioned in the European books such as, Voyages and Travels by Gaimbattista Ramusio - secretary to the Venetian Council. In his book, Ramusio mentions the medicinal and health benefits of consuming tea. In 1606, the first consignments of the Chinese tea were imported by the Dutch East India Company, which led to the spread of tea consumption across Africa, Europe, and the rest of the Asia (Ten Ren n.d.). In 1973, a group of the U.S colonists boarded a ship belonging to the Dutch East India Trading Company and dumped its cargo in protests against taxation of tea by Great Britain. This event is referred to as the Boston Tea Party, and it is the reason tea is exempted from import tax in the United States. The preparation of tea during the Ming and Qing dynasties involved steeping loose leaves in hot water. Other methods of preparation cropped up during this period, leading to the development of different types of tea such as oolong, green, and black teas (Ten Ren n.d.).Yi Xing Zisha was the main tea ware in the Nort hern Song dynasty. However, it is in the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) that Zisha teapot-making designs were abounded and produced in imposing designs and striking styles by the tea-pot making masters. Zisha teapots were modelled according to the peoples emotions, interests, and attitudes towards life. They were decorated with paintings, poems and prose, scriptural elements and seal prints. During this time, loose tea leaves replaced the bunched and compressed tea. Tea brewing shifted from boiling bunched tea in water to boiling loose leaves in water. In the mid-Ming dynasty, people appreciated visual appeal, taste, and fragrance from tea. Teapots replaced small cups and were designed shallowly and small to offset the bitter...

Project Quality Management For Business Organizations...

Introduction Project Quality management plays an inevitable role in business organizations across the globe. It is very important for the project managers to use practical skills along with technical skills to implement the projects immaculately, proficiently and efficiently. We will be gathering information from project practitioners in the industry, who have got great experience in managing complex projects. The main aim of this project is to interview a project practitioner in two ways: face to face and via email. The main area of concern in this report is to understand the basics of project quality management. Then after particularize the techniques used in companies and industries to accomplish project quality goals. Moreover report†¦show more content†¦The main focus of the research was to understand different approaches that project practitioners undertake to obtain detailed understanding of project quality. Then the second stage included finding a practitioner which was the most challenging task. Email campaign was run, visited companies and also surfed many sites. Eventually we were successful in finding practitioners individually. This report includes both qualitative and quantitative approach about project quality and explains how Project quality management is being used in a private migration and engineering firm referred as AICA Group. They specialize in Electrical Contracting projects, Solar PV Installation projects, Immigration Department,Design 3D Visualization projects. I have found two practitioners from AICA group but from different fields. Shaji Mathews and Shiju Mathews are my practitioners. Shiju Mathews is the Principal Consultant and he handle projects related to Migration and Shaji Mathews is the Technical Director of AICA Engineering department and has served for more than 25 years, he is in charge of all projects related to electric and solar installations. I personally interviewed them and when I collaborated their views, I learned tha t meeting the objectives of the organization should be the priority and it should not be compromised. It becomes very important for a project manager to gain overall knowledge in the specified area and should not compromise Project Quality Management For Business Organizations... Introduction Project Quality management plays an inevitable role in business organizations across the globe. It is very important for the project managers to use practical skills along with technical skills to implement the projects immaculately, proficiently and efficiently. Will be gathering information from project practitioners in the industry, who have got great experience in managing complex projects. The main aim of this project is to interview a project practitioner in two ways: face to face and via email. The main area of concern in this report is to understand the basics of project quality management. Then after particularize the techniques used in companies and industries to accomplish project quality goals. Moreover report also includes to overcome the limitations and to manage the areas that need improvement so as to diminish the breaks and lead to more efficient and effective project quality management. For this assignment, groups were formed to share views and to understand project quality management in more depth. We categorized the assignment into different stages. The interview questions were discussed in the first stage and we also discussed about the basic reason and criteria for the particular assignment. We all agreed to the fact that all those questions should be included that would help us in understanding the basics of project quality management. We decided the questions that were to be asked and we also tried adding some extra questions. 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The Success Of A Mobile - 1463 Words

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Queensland health payroll

Question: Discuss about the Queensland Health payroll. Answer: Introduction This assignment deals with the issues related to the Queensland health payroll project. This project was introduced in order to change the payroll system for the employees. It covers the different frameworks used for the project. The frameworks discussed are the COBIT and COSO frameworks. The implementation of these frameworks by different levels of employees is discussed. This project posed a huge amount of expenditure on the government of Queensland and still was a failure. The government spent about 200% extra in this project. The government banned any further evolvement of such projects in the nation. In late 2012, the government of Queensland set up a survey to find the reason behind the failure of the project and the commission found out that the failure of this project was the worst failure in public administration in Australian history. This assignment consists of the description of the Queensland Health payroll project. it also contains the background of the project and the frameworks which are responsible for the effective financial survey. The two initial phases of the work have also been discussed in the assignment to show the growth process of the project. Background of the project A payroll system was introduced in Queensland, which was supposed to be implemented in the year 2006, on the 80,000 employees of Queensland health (Eden and Sedera 2014). IBM Australia was chosen as the main contractor for this project and the results of all the system was based on the payroll system. The expected time for the completion of this project was six months and it was supposed that an approximate of HK$46.5 million would be spent for the completion of this project (Duffield and Whitty 2015). It was expected that the introduction of this new system would bring revolution in the payroll system of Queensland. Slowly, the government realized that nothing was straightforward in this project and this project did not go live till 2010. It was considered as worst project failure all over Australia. This systems entire cost was HK$192.5 million and with this heavy cost as well, the system did not go live. The administration of Queensland health had to hire more than 1000 employees to fix this problem and it resulted in expenditure of even more money to the administration. This project posed a huge amount of expenditure on the government of Queensland and still was a failure. The government spent about 200% extra in this project. The government banned any further evolvement of such projects in the nation. In late 2012, the government of Queensland set up a survey to find the reason behind the failure of the project and the commission found out that the failure of this project was the worst failure in public administration in Australian history (Thite and Sandhu 2014). Discussion of COBIT and COSO frameworks and controls in Queensland Health Payroll System Queensland payroll project was a huge project as it involved different levels of employees and it indulged the government of Queensland as well. With regard to COSO, internal control is a process, which is designed to assurance for effectiveness and efficiency in order to achieve the objectives of a company, to confirm the reliability of reporting of the companys financial reporting and inline relevance along with the laws and regulations (Tursunbayeva et al. 2016). According to the COSO framework, the control is defined as the proactive measure which is used by the management to achieve any objective. According to this framework, the control can take three forms, which are automated, partially automated and manual. A tool kit is comprised in the COBIT framework in order to compliance with other regulatory services and SOX. The elements of the toolkit are an executive summary, which gives an explanation of the founding principles of COBIT, the compliance framework which provides deta iled explanation for the high level IT projects, the objectives for control (Malkin and Pearson 2014). Both of these frameworks are important for effective evolvement of financial sector of any department. These frameworks must have been used in the payroll project at Queensland as both the COBIT and COSO are effective for the finding of reason for the financial terms in any organization. The guidelines required for assigning and passing audits, which include the explanation of step-by-step guides for each of the control objectives. The primers used for management and the reference materials, which indulge the IT control practice statement, which means the assessment of the risks, involved in the IT field and the ways of handling those risks. With regard to the payroll project, these frameworks would have been very effective for the proper survey of financial issues. The frameworks could help the managers for the proper and exact survey of the issue. The COBIT and COSO frameworks would have helped the government as well to keep account of the money spent on the project in various form s. In addition to these, the COBIT helps the IT industry to know the cores and requirements of the business (Wilkin et al. 2015). The failure of this project was a huge loss for the government of Queensland. Discussion of the frameworks and controls in relation to Queensland Health Payroll Project Health department of Queensland The health department of the state of Queensland did not use the frameworks for the financial survey of the case. If the organization would have used COBIT for various objectives the results found would have been of great help. First of all, COBIT enables the management to make a link to the requirements of the business, secondly, it helps the organization to organize various IT activities to generally accepted process models, it also enabled the organization to identify the main IT resources which are to leveraged (Brown 2014). It also enabled to define the control objectives of the management, which are to be considered. IBM IBM technology did not use the COBIT and COSO frameworks for the evaluation of Queensland Health Payroll failure. If the organization would have used COBIT and COSO to find the reason behind the failure of the Queensland payroll failure, it would hve been more effective. Both of these are very useful because of the implementation features provided by them. After the failure of Queensland project, IBM used both COBIT and COSO to find out the reason behind the failure of the project. use of such frameworks helped the organization ot find the faults in the project which lead to the failure of the project. The use of these helped the organization to organize various IT activities to generally accepted process models, it also enabled the organization to identify the main IT resources which are to leveraged. It also enabled to define the control objectives of the management, which are to be considered. Contractors or parties The other contractors did not use the frameworks for the survey. If they would have used the frameworks for the finding faults in the project it would have been easy and efficient. In COSO, internal control is a process, which is designed to assurance for effectiveness and efficiency in order to achieve the objectives of a company, to confirm the reliability of reporting of the companys financial reporting and inline relevance along with the laws and regulations. According to the COSO framework, the control is defined as the proactive measure, which is used by the management to achieve any objective. According to this framework, the control can take three forms, which are automated, partially automated and manual. A tool kit is comprised in the COBIT framework in order to compliance with other regulatory services and SOX. Discussion of 2-stages of SDLC in relation to Queensland Payroll Project Various plannings were done for the successful development and implementation of the project. Payroll is a complex situation and here in the Queensland payroll project, thousands of the employee and the government was involved. So, the complexity for this payroll system was huge. It needed lot of preparation and considerations before the initialization of the work. It is very essential that proper planning must be done for the implementation of the system. There were three areas which had to be focused for the proper working and preparation of this project. the first area which needs to be focused are processes (Jarman 2013). The key processes for payroll, which were important for the organization were evaluated. The process was complex as the system has to keep the different stages of the employee in mind such as the hourly employees, vacations an sick leave policy and commissionable sales (Hmelak 2014). The compensation schemes and bonuses given to the employees made the system eve n more complex and thus these things were kept in mind. The another process which was kept in mind was the termination process. Usually this process is ignored in usual organizations but here it was very important to keep these in mind as there are regulatory and security and risk implications can cost the organization much money and time if these are not handled properly (Schefe and Timbrell 2013). Almost every aspect of payroll project is effected by the termination of employees in the organization. In addition to these there were security concerns which had to be kept in mind for the successful implementation of the payroll system. The different systems, which would cost harm to the payroll systems in any case were considered. Different types of employees have different payroll services. The salaried employees in the organization might not have to enter the time of their entry in the organization but the hourly employees had to do so and thus these had to be kept in mind for the successful implementation of the project (Ainsworth 2013). The part time employees needed a different payroll method. Thus, different payroll methods had to be kept in mind for different level of employees. There were various things which were identified during this period such as the requirements, transactions, functions of the vendor system and the commercial softwares (Haes et al. 2013). Planning of the different levels of employees along with their payment systems were done. Analysis-the second phase There were different analyzing factors, which were important to be analyzed for the successful implementation of the project. For this payroll system, various things needed to be analyzed for the proper development of the system as it would great change in the payroll system at Queensland.. This payroll system was very huge and complex and thus it involved the analyzing of various things (Haes 2015). It was a computerized payroll so the thing that were analyzed are described in the context. The first thing, which was analyzed was the size of the business. The size of the business was analyzed and the complexity to which the payroll system was supposed to work was also analyzed by the team of the management which was responsible for the development of the system. An objective look was taken which means that the requirements were analyzed for the completion of the goals. The number and the type of the employees were analyzed for whom the system was supposed to be 1established (Degese e t al. 2015). The total cost, which would arise in the creation and implementation of the system, was analyzed. According to the cost, the need of the organization was analyzed. The total number of hourly, part-time and the salaried employees were calculated. The total amount of growth of the number of employees in the organization was also analyzed. The reports of new hiring rules and the regulations of the company regarding to payment was evaluated and the payroll was supposed to meet all the requirements of the company (Martin 2014). The countrys economy was also analyzed critically for the formation of the payroll system. The ups and downs of the economy was taken into account because the salary of the employee could vary accordingly. The terms and conditions for the employee bonus was also analyzed by the management team as it was a must factor in the payroll to be introduced. Thus, the first two stages were very critical for the development of the Queensland Health Payroll System, which was taken care by IBM. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that, the failure of the payroll project was great failure for not only Queensland but also whole Australia as the countrys economy was hugely affected by it. The government spent about 200% extra in this project. The government banned any further evolvement of such projects in the nation. In late 2012, the government of Queensland set up a survey to find the reason behind the failure of the project and the commission found out that the failure of this project was the worst failure in public administration in Australian history. According to the COSO framework, the control is defined as the proactive measure, which is used by the management to achieve any objective. Both of these were used to analyze the project. Payroll is a complex situation and here thousands of the employee and the government was involved. So, the complexity for this payroll system was huge. It needed lot of preparation and considerations before the initialization of the work. Analysis was done very critically for the payroll system as it would affect the entire economy of the state. References Ainsworth, H., 2013. Improving project management of IT enabled projectslessons we can learn from. Brown, D.R.B., 2014.An exploration of the role of ethics in leadership decision-making in change initiatives in Queensland government owned corporations(Doctoral dissertation, University of Southern Queensland). De Haes, S., Van Grembergen, W. and Debreceny, R.S., 2013. COBIT 5 and enterprise governance of information technology: Building blocks and research opportunities.Journal of Information Systems,27(1), pp.307-324. Degese, M.S., Tanos, T., Naipauer, J., Gingerich, T., Chiappe, D., Echeverria, P., LaMarre, J., Gutkind, J.S. and Coso, O.A., 2015. An interplay between the p38 MAPK pathway and AUBPs regulates c-fos mRNA stability during mitogenic stimulation.Biochemical Journal,467(1), pp.77-90. Duffield, S. and Whitty, S.J., 2015. Developing a systemic lessons learned knowledge model for organisational learning through projects.International journal of project management,33(2), pp.311-324. Eden, R. and Sedera, D., 2014. The largest admitted IT project failure in the Southern Hemisphere: a teaching case. InProceedings of the 35th International Conference on Information Systems: Building a Better World Through Information Systems. AISeL. Glass, R.L., 2013. The Queensland Health Payroll Debacle.Information Systems Management,30(1), pp.89-90. Haes, S.D. and Grembergen, W.V., 2015. Enterprise Governance of Information Technology: Achieving Alignment and Value, Featuring COBIT 5. Hmelak, M., 2014. The IT Audit of the Republic of Slovenia's eHealth Project.International Journal of Government Auditing,41(3), p.12. Jarman, R., 2013. Psychopathy As A Phenomenon Of Interest In Information Systems Research. InECIS(p. 84). Malkin, B. and Pearson, M., 2014. The information technology industry needs to learn how to tackle complex projects from the building and construction industry (1054). InMastering Complex Projects Conference 2014(p. 87). Engineers Australia. Martin, K., Sanders, E. and Scalan, G., 2014. The potential impact of COSO internal control integrated framework revision on internal audit structured SOX work programs.Research in Accounting Regulation,26(1), pp.110-117. Schefe, N. and Timbrell, G., 2013. A conceptualization of complexity in IS-driven organizational transformations. Thite, M. and Sandhu, K., 2014. Where is My Pay? Critical Success Factors of a Payroll SystemA System Life Cycle Approach.Australasian Journal of Information Systems,18(2). Tursunbayeva, A., Bunduchi, R., Franco, M. and Pagliari, C., 2016. Human resource information systems in health care: a systematic evidence review.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, p.ocw141. Wilkin, C., Couchman, P., Sohal, A. and Zutshi, A., 2015. Exploring Differences between Large and Medium Organizations Corporate Governance of Information Technology.