Organizational Structure of Samsung Electronics - 1234 Words

Organizational Structure and Design Prepared By: Anuj Arora – 12FN019 Himika Chaudhary Nitin Mudgal Prateek Kumar – 12DM101 Sachin Gupta – 12FN107 Index 1.1 Introduction Samsung India Electronics Ltd is a subsidiary of Samsung Electronics Corporation headquartered in Seoul, Korea. The company was incorporated in the year 1995. The company is having their head office at Delhi and branch office at 16 locations all over the India. Their manufacturing facilities are located at Noida in Uttar Pradesh and Sriperumbudur in Chennai. The company is having two Ramp;D centres in India, at Bangalore and Noida. Both the Ramp;D centres are involved in cutting edge research and development. The company is dealing in the business of IT,†¦show more content†¦The expansion of the software related organizations was done to realize Samsung Electronics vision of creating new values and experiences by combining Samsung’s existing strength in hardware design with optimized software and an emotionally appealing user interface. Samsung Electronics also expanded the organization in charge of bio and medical device business and expanded the Bio Lab at Samsung Technology Research Center into the Bio Research Center. They also hired bio material experts to strengthen their research in this area and increased support for bio similar and bio medical research. Organization Chart Refer Exhibit 1 for detailed description of Samsung’s organizational chart with respect to Samsung mobile division of India. 1.4 Organization Culture It has become increasingly important for employees to have vested stake in the growth potential of its company. People expect a participatory work environment where they can feel a sense of dignity, pride, and ownership of the organization’s vision. Samsung Electronics strives to build a creative organizational culture, and acknowledges that the investment they make in strengthening the core competencies of their employees will have a direct impact on their competitiveness. They actively promote a flexible organizational culture that allows employees to pursue a healthy work-life balance, in a dynamic, creative and challenging work environment thatShow MoreRelatedManagement and Organizational Culture in Samsung1548 Words   |  7 PagesCourse: NZDB 530 Organisation and Management Trimester 2 2010 Assessment 2: Essay on Organizational Culture SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Submitted by: Chung Daewan(Steve) ID# 20904451 Submitted on: 5th July 2010 Submitted to: Jene Parilla TABLE OF CONTENTS â…  . Essay on Organizational Culture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..................................................3 â… ¡. Metaphor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......................................................................................6 â… ¢. Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..................................Read MoreManagement and Organizational Culture in Samsung1541 Words   |  7 PagesCourse: NZDB 530 Organisation and Management Trimester 2 2010 Assessment 2: Essay on Organizational Culture SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Submitted by: Chung Daewan(Steve) ID# 20904451 Submitted on: 5th July 2010 Submitted to: Jene Parilla TABLE OF CONTENTS â…  . Essay on Organizational Culture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..................................................3 â… ¡. Metaphor†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......................................................................................6 â… ¢. Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...................Read MoreManagerial Economics And Management Decisions By C. M. Birch1702 Words   |  7 Pagesthe case of Samsung, many of these global factors played a substantial role in deciding the survivability rate of the company from succeeding or declaring bankruptcy. This paper will serve as a means to understand Samsung’s corporate orientation such as culture, strategy, structure, organizational leadership, ethical programs, and associated risks. In addition, to analyzing past decisions and identify new strategies to improve Samsung’s corporate function. The South Korean giant, Samsung, is knownRead MoreOrganizational Change : Organization Change1447 Words   |  6 Pageseffectiveness.‘The most common known targets of organizational change include vision, strategy, culture, structure, system, production technology, and leadership style’(Yang, Zhuo, Yu, 2009). Organizations have to consider the points for change, through the external and internal environment’s situation to select which factors should be changed. In the following essay presents an analysis of the following aspect of the question which include organizational change, emergent change and planned change onRead MoreOrganizational Change : An Organization1310 Words   |  6 Pageseffectiveness.‘The most common known targets of organizational change include vision, strategy, culture, structure, system, production technology, and leadership style’(Yang, Zhuo, Yu, 2009). Organizations have to consider the points for change, through the exte rnal and internal environment’s situation to select which factors should be changed. In the following essay presents an analysis of the following aspect of the question which include organizational change, emergent change and planned change onRead MoreWada1669 Words   |  7 PagesDiagnosing the Change Managing Organizational Change Emiliano Delucia Keller Graduate School of Management DIAGNOSTIC MODELS One of the main purposes of diagnostic models is to find a way to identify external and internal factors that can affect the working conditions of an organization. Many diagnostic models have been developed along the years to ensure these factors are well identified and the organizations can function properly following a certain model. The diagnostic modelRead MoreThe Model Of Nokia And Samsung1406 Words   |  6 PagesDiagnosing the change: The diagnostic model, I am going to use for analyzing the companies, Nokia and Samsung would be Burke-Litwin model. I choose this model because it allows people to analyze the impact made by the external and internal factors on the changes made by the organization. It also allows people to assess the different organizational and environmental dimensions which can be modified so that the organizations are successful. The Burke-Litwin model consists of different factors whichRead MoreI Recommend Investing At Samsung. Its Strengths, Financial Stability, And The Second Largest Market Share Essay1486 Words   |  6 PagesI recommend investing in Samsung. Its strengths include financial stability, excellent engineering, exclusive brand offerings, outstanding corporate culture, and the second largest market share in smartphones. Competition in the smartphone world is quite aggressive to say the least. With numerous players, differentiated market segments and shorter product life cycles. This essay will look at the position of the market, the level of competition amongst the major players in the smartphone world, andRead MoreSamsung Smartphone Market Essay examples1136 Words   |  5 PagesSamsung Smartphone Market J.L.D - Samsung Smartphone Market Smartphones are on the cutting edge of current technology. Firms are constantly competing in an effort to corner this market. Creators and innovators such as: HTC, Apple, and Samsung appear to be paving the way as consumers grapple over which product suits them the best. These companies battle constantly for market share whether it is on the ground of the consumer’s desires or in the court system with lawsuits. These smartphonesRead MoreHow Can A Company Measure Its Competitive Advantage?1561 Words   |  7 Pagescompared to the competitors at a lower cost through â€Å"price, or providing a higher quality through differentiation that costs more than the competitors product. In fact, companies that compete in the same industry and core business, such as Sony, Samsung, and Philips in the audiovisual industry, or Nike, adidas, and Puma in the clothing manufacturing industry, should understand the nature of the market and analyze the key factors that differentiate each one from the others. a company gain a competitive

Underage Alcohol And Alcohol Abuse - 1597 Words

Sadly, in today’s society, there is a lot of issues concerning drug and alcohol abuse in schools whether its at the high school or college level. Not only does drug and alcohol consumption effect your overall health, it can effect your academic performance as well. In this paper I am going to be talking about the problems with drug and alcohol abuse, preventions, risks, costs and much more. We are going to dissect the problems with drug alcohol consumption amongst young adults, from high school to college, and I will be talking about how students are getting these drugs and ways that we can prevent these problems. The first thing I am going to be introducing in this paper is underage alcohol abuse. We all know that alcohol is a widely†¦show more content†¦We are talking about high school students here. Students who are ages 15-19 years old. I think it is safe to say that underage alcohol abuse, and consumption has become a major problem in areas all over the country for years. Not only is this a problem with high school students, it has become a major problem with college students as well. â€Å"The majority of college students report drinking alcohol in the last month, while almost half of all college students report engaging in recent heavy episodic drinking. Over 60 percent of college students currently drink alcohol and almost 40 percent are categorized as binge drinkers.† (Simons, Hahn, Gaster 373) Alcohol consumption in college not only can effect your social life, but it can be detrimental to your academic performance, career, life goals, and your over all well being. That being said, there are endless amounts of negative consequences that come along with alcohol abuse in college students, such as, health risks, sexual risk taking, injuries, accidents, and poor academic outcomes. I am going to start by explaining the negative consequences that alcohol consumption has on academics, your social life, and your health overall. â€Å"The consequences of alcohol use can be acute and immediate outcomes of a single episode of alcohol-impaired functioning, such as accidental death and injury, or they can be the accumulated and diverse effects of a chronic patternShow MoreRelatedUnderage Alcohol Abuse Essay2839 Words   |  12 Pages Underage Alcohol Abuse The Story of My Search â€Å"Have you been stealing liquor from your aunt ?† my mother asked me while we were in the car on our way home. Her face looked disappointed and worried when she asked me. This is a question most teens would have feared if they heard it come out of their parents mouth but i knew I didn’t do it so I was fine. I never thought my mother would actually ask me this question hence that fact that i am under the legal drinking age but, liquor was disappearingRead MoreThe Plague Of Underage Drinking1356 Words   |  6 PagesThe Plague of Underage Drinking â€Å"Every year in the U.S., roughly 5,000 people under the age of 21 die from an alcohol-related incident including car crashes, homicides, suicides, alcohol poisoning and other related injuries† ( â€Å"11 Facts About Alcohol Abuse†). That is 5,000 more teens or young adults that could be saved from this plague in this society (11 Facts About Alcohol Abuse). Underage drinking and alcoholism is a huge problem in the United States, and as a society need to make a change withRead MoreEssay on Underage Drinkers Face Repercussion1369 Words   |  6 PagesToday there seems to be an increasing number of underage drinkers. Teens seem to be drinking their way through high school and college because it’s the trend of the century. They go out to party and there is no party, if there is no alcohol. They begin to believe there is no fun in partying without the use of alcohol. According to, the 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, â€Å"40% of high school students drank some amount of alcohol, 24% binge drank, and 10% drove after drinking and 28% rode with a driverRead MoreUnderage drinking1086 Words   |  5 Pages Underage Drinking It is five o clock on a Friday night and classes are over for the weekend. The options for this evening are the kegger down the street, drinking at the bonfire, or sneaking into a bar with a fake ID. This can be a normal weekend for an underage drinker. Underage alcohol consumption can be very common in the weekly routine for many students. There are many different types of drinkers and reasons for their drinking habits. Some people may drink for social reasons and othersRead MoreAdolescent, Pre Teen And Under Age Drinking Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pagesmy audience about the serious problems and concerns associated with adolescent, pre-teen and underage drinking. Central Idea: Three things that my audience will learn about adolescent, pre-teen, underage drinking are as follows: Risk Factors that may cause underage alcohol use and abuse, Prevention of underage alcohol use and abuse, and the Benefits of not participating in underage alcohol use and abuse. I. Introduction: CONFUSION†¦FORGETFULLNESS†¦ARGUMENITIVENESS†¦LOSS OF CONTROL..†¦UNCONSOLABE†¦BLACKOUTS†¦DEATHRead MoreTeenage Alcohol Abuse1465 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol Abuse in Teenagers Underage alcohol abuse is a growing problem in the lives of teenagers today. Almost 80% of high school students have tried alcohol (Dowshen). To effectively combat this growing epidemic, teens need to understand the effects of consuming alcohol, and adults need to recognize the problem and effectively prevent alcohol abuse. Though many teenagers do not realize it, alcohol can significantly affect a teen’s life, including short-term impacts on the teen’s popularity andRead MoreUnderage Drinking As A New Phenomenon1475 Words   |  6 PagesUnderage drinking in the US is one of the social issues, which has been responsible for numerous economic losses, accidents, deaths and crimes. Youth have become actively involved in drinking abuse, where they lose their sense of understanding and comprehension. To eradicate the social issue of underage drinking, numerous strategies have been implemented by the US government, where some of them were successful, while others were n ot able to produce significant reduction in underage drinking. TodayRead MoreDrinking Age1012 Words   |  5 Pagesreduce the amount of underage drinking, and therefore should not be lowered. Many studies from a large variety of sources have proven higher drinking ages have a positive effect on society. Alcohol is harmful to the development of younger people. Research has shown that an adult is less likely to binge drink (have five or more drinks in a row). According to statistics from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, teensRead More Effects of Underage Drinking on Society Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesUnderage Drinking Anyone who is below eighteen years of age is considered as underage and laws in many countries prohibit such a person from consuming alcohol. Alcohol happens to be the most commonly abused drug not only among the youth but also among adults. This paper explores underage drinking, its effects on the society and outlines what can be done to curb it. Young people are considered to constitute the largest number of alcohol consumers and they account for a large portion of alcoholRead MoreLargest Number of Consumers of Alcohol in the United States are Teenages556 Words   |  3 Pages Alcohol is the most universally used and abused drug in the United States. An issue that continues to rise in today’s public health is alcohol use. Consuming alcohol in excessive amounts is not only a problem in the United States but worldwide as well. The largest number of consumers is teenagers. During this period of development, teens are faced with a multitude of pressures whether it’s trying to maintain good grades in school or perform well in sports. Teens may also be influenced by various

Human Society Free Essays

In discussion of inhumane treatment, a controversial issue is whether animals are entitled to their rights. While some argue that only humans have rights, others contend that animals should have the same privileges as humans. The author of â€Å"A Change of Heart about Animals,† Jeremy Rifkin, claims that animals should have better treatment. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rifkin rhetorically changes one’s view on this subject without the consent of the reader. Rifkin begins by showing the animals’ human qualities, then giving a counter statement to common objections, and finally ends it by utilizing negative language. Rifkin’s expressive strategy is to note the similarities between animals and humans. Rifkin mentions Koko, a 300-pound gorilla. Koko was able to learn sign language and yet some people never even learn how to communicate in sign language. Rifkin also notes the similarity between rats and humans. He states, â€Å"Recent studies in the brain chemistry of rats show that when they play, their brains release large amounts of dopamine, a petrochemical associated with pleasure and excitement in human beings. Rifkin shows that not only do animals have the ability to learn the things we do, but also have some features that we do. After providing the analogy between the two, Rifkin anticipated that many people would view animals as one of them. The result is that to believe that animals are not any different than us, so they shouldn’t be in the brutal situations they face every day. It also, makes much more likely to accept the statement he makes based on the similarities he provides, that we must work to increase the benevolent treatment of animals. Among Rifkin’s subtly persuasive strategies is to denote the common objections and give a counter statement. Jeremy Rifkin for showing us that science supports what we pet owners and animal rights activists have known in our hearts all along: animals have feelings and abilities not very different from humans. When will more people begin to realize that we share this world with many creatures deserving of our care and respect? Animals have a right to live without being confined, exploited, and tormented. How to cite Human Society, Essay examples

The Fellowship Of The Rings Essay Example For Students

The Fellowship Of The Rings Essay The Fellowship Of The RingsBOOK IJ.R.R TolkienAs the story begins we find the lovable Bilbo Baggins having his goingaway birthday party. He would leave his precious magic ring behind him andleave for Alderaun. 17 years would pass and the ring remains under the safe-keep of Bilbos nephew, Frodo Baggins. Gandalf Stormcrow has returned and hasneed of one from the shire. The both discuss the workings and the history ofthe ring. And conclude that one thing must be done. Frodo and his party mustjourney to the land of Mordor, where the shadows lie. And destroy the ring bywhich the very fires from which it was once forged. And so the quest begins, steered by Gandalf and Frodos party of Sam,Mary, and Pippin. Together they travel the winding roads and through a greatblizzard until nightfall. Where warmth and comfort are found in a local tavern. The Hobbits were well to entertain and were taken notice by a man, a warriorby the name of Strider. He took aim on their quest and was reluctant to aid intheir cause. Gandalf had departed them to seek the wisdom of another wizard. With Strider and the remaining party they traveled the broad expanse if terrain. Where they would befriend new adventurers along the way. Many a time would theybe tempted to misuse the ring. But Frodos will held strong. Up unto theclimax of events, when the ring raids came to take what once belonged to them. In a moment of weakness, Frodo placed the ring on his finger. He vanished fromhis partys sight. Take the ring off Frodo!, they yelled. But he was frozenin his steps. Determind to get it they approached him. In a brave attempt toprotect the ring, Frodo ran up to them, held the sting high in the air,attempting to strike one of them. But he failed. And instead he took a woundin his side. He then somehow managed to mount back on his horse and ride awayacross a shallow stream. All that separated them now was the stream. The ring,the ring.., carried through the crowd of riders. Frodo was weary, he shoutedout, By all the Shire you will have neither I nor the ring! Go back to theland of Mordor and follow me no more!. Then by some magic the waters in thestream gathered and seemed to come alive into huge horse-like wave. And itswallowed the riders as they attempted to cross. Washing them away down river. He had beaten them this time. But their tortured souls would find new hosts,new bodies. And would come again in greater numbers. All was silent, and whenFrodo regained all consciousness he found himself in a warm, well-rested bed. Uncle Bilbo at his side. And thus the story continues, in BOOK II.

Amusing Ourselves to Death Thesis

Amusing Ourselves to Death Thesis The author talks about the effects of the media on the population, particularly political and economic life. People are fed with varying information regarding what happens in government. Before the advent of the television, people relied on the newspapers and articles for information, but this changed with time when people were forced to depend on the television for critical information.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Amusing Ourselves to Death Thesis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With time, the mass media has taken over because it relays information faster and more accurate as compared to the television. The author observes that the electronic media, such as the internet, cell phones, and DVDs, determine the type of information that people listen to in the modern society. The book is a prophetic in nature since it predicts that human life, particularly in terms of politics, would be reduced to the level of enter tainment. The author is saddened by the fact that religion is losing meaning in the modern society since the mass media controls it. According to his view, the mass media should be manipulated to serve the interests of the majority in society. The mass media should not be allowed to control human life since it has negative influence, particularly on children and the youth. Many people consume according to the media adverts meaning that the new trend affects even the health of individuals. Human beings have the highest goals that can only be attained when the media is channeled to serve their interests. The main point of the author is that the media affects human life negatively hence it should be redesigned to serve human needs. The book is divided into two major parts with part one having five sections while the second part has six sections. The most important section in the first part is the section talking about the media as an epistemology. This means that political information in the modern society relies on the social media. Any political debate or discourse with an aim of attaining its aims must focus on capturing the attention of the electorate in the social media. In the third section, the author underscores the fact that the American society is just one of the modern societies that the social media has taken over its communication activities.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fourth section of part observes further that the mind is programmed in a way that would just respond to information in the social media. People trust information in the social media as compared to any other source. The second part of the book examines number of instances that the social media has influenced politics in the United States. From Postman’s analysis, it can be concluded that the social media is the new way of reaching out to the electorate since most o f them are available there. This shows that politics have developed over several years to be what it is today. Before the social media, the author noted that the mass media was the commonly used technique in reaching out to the electorate. Postman’s dream suggesting that the media should be used to serve human interests is being fulfilled since it is creating mass awareness. Politics is regarding its position in society since the media serves its interests, but not the other way round. It should also be noted that the social media has had tremendous effects on social life as compared to the television.

King Lears family essays

King Lear's family essays Families play quite a large role in our world. They shape and develop individuals, leaving their fingerprints on ones life and personality forever. An institution as important as family life could never be ignored in any art form and literature is no different. Families have been the main subject of countless numbers of novels, poems, short stories, and plays. In the three works A Thousand Acres, King Lear, and Paradise Lost the family is crucial to the plot and in a sense the family, as a singular unit, is the main character. In Paradise Lost, Milton writes of a different type of family, an angelic family centered on God. All of the spiritual beings are a part of this family, however, just as in regular families, some members fall and deceive and betray others. A Thousand Acres and King Lear share much in their interpretation and portrayal of family life, they portray the deceit and betrayal that underlies troubled families. The story of the Cook family is almost a carbon copy of the saga of the Lear family. The head both households, the father, is eventually driven to insanity by the incessant scheming within their respective households. Both Mr. Cook and King Lear are wealthy and powerful and it is that wealth and power that seem to interest their family more than fatherly love and companionship. ...

Decomposition Framework for Financial Analysis. Kforce Inc. and Morson Essay

Decomposition Framework for Financial Analysis. Kforce Inc. and Morson Group Plc - Essay Example Moreover, the investors needed to determine the underlying value of these investments in order to make sure that prices are rightly placed before making any decision related to purchase. These investors are generally called as rational investors who conduct analytical studies before making any decision related to investments. In this regard, the security valuation and financial statement have become very important. Financial analyses are those financial tactics and methods which help in comparing and evaluating the different investment opportunities such as projects and firms, to ensure and evaluate that the available opportunities are appropriate for making investments. Generally, the procedure of conducting financial analysis is based upon the past performance of a firm. The historical data is then used to evaluate the future performance of the company; therefore it is not at all necessary that evaluations are 100% accurate. Financial analysts usually obtain data from a variety of sources available, including income statements, balance sheets, and cash flow statements. Through these financial statements, analysts determine the ability of a firm to meet its liabilities and obligations, stability of a firm, level of profitability and liquidity and then compare them with their competitors in order to provide insights into the firm’s position as compared to the industry or its competitors. In balance sheet, the underlying financial position of of a company is present. The three main categories of which balance sheet is comprised include: assets, which demonstrate the long term and current investments of a firm through which revenues are expected to be generated; liabilities depict the long term and short term claims that stakeholders have; and equity which demonstrates the claim of the owners. This paper aims to analyze a U.K company, namely Morson Group PLC, in comparison with a U.S based firm known as Kforce Inc. The analytical methods utilized in this paper for analysis include: common-size analysis, trend analysis and profitability analysis. Understanding the Industry Companies which want to improve their performance need to provide training to their staff in recruitment centers. Leaders also get training so as to motivate their workers and working with efficient employees. A real competition among organizations has taken place nowadays. Every other company is st riving hard to develop the skills of its employees. In this regard, a lot of training and development programs are being established every other day. Subsequently, a new type of competition between employees and management has also taken place. For this reason, companies are looking for recruitment companies so as to develop the special needs of their staff. Recruitment companies play a vital role in improving the facilities and skills of employees. Moreover, they are also looking to maximize their profits. Therefore, they provide best possible offers, contracts, training and development programs through professional lecturers and trainers so as to improve their own credibility. In addition to that, they also offer some special contracts including free contract for more employees, discounts for contracts having longer tenure etc. KforceInc – U.S based firm KforceInc provides professional and technical services specially for staffing companies. This company is primarily based upon four departments which include: Government Solution (GS), Technology (Tech), Health and Life Sciences and Finance and Accounting (FA). The two activities of Tech and FA are delivered in the specific regions of North, Atlantic and Western markets. Morson Group

Africa and challenging development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Africa and challenging development - Essay Example The question on whether there is still a chance for Africa to be in the proper place in the competing world is still a question that is left unanswered. It can be remembered that the very cause of Africa's challenges and crisis as a whole and for several decades already is the colonialism of different empires due to space expansion and the quest for power. But because it has been a long time now and Africa still seemed to be in need of development, the better question to ask is that is it still valid to blame colonialism or neocolonialism for Africa's dependence to the colonialist.Before we can truly answer this, it is important to look at this neocolonialism or the small hands coming and going in and out of the country.It is true that the powerful empires have ceased literally in holding the people of Africa and there was a turn over of flags to the elite African leaders recently. But still, many people say that it was all just a turning over of flags, the powerful colonialists who play in the big world of capitalism are still at work through the elitist process of education. Education works in a way that Western oriented way of the colonialist inform and teach Africans to be more loyal to the Western way of living. This is the very simple yet powerful way of controlling the country which continuously causes Africa's dependence to other countries. (Abubakar 1989)The challenge of development can also be placed in the hands of the elite leaders of Africa who tend to control development and focus on projects that can benefit only their families and relatives. There is also another way of looking at Africa's position in the world. The people and the leaders for a long time have settled to the idea that they are already buried to the power of neocolonialism and because of this, lesser action is being done. People have already ceased to question if there is still a possibility to attain freedom in their own country. The hope as we can see still relies on the idea of becoming independent and relying on Africa's resources to be self-sustaining. (Abubakar, 1989) In the book Africa and the Challenge of Development, the writer quoted specific internal solutions to the problem and that's all coming from the preamble of African LPA. Africa's almost total reliance on the export of raw materials must change. . . . Africa must, therefore, map out its own strategy for development and must vigorously pursue its implementation. . . . Africa must cultivate the virtue of self- reliance [and] efforts toward African economic integration in order to create a continent-wide framework for the much needed economic co-operation for development based on collective self-reliance. . . . The primary responsibility of developing their economies remains with the African least developed countries themselves and the total political commitment of the Member States to the pursuit of these objectives is necessary . . . [and] social and economic reforms should be undertaken . . . to ensure full participation of the people in the development process. . . . [We] confirm our full adherence to the plan of Action, adopted at the Assembly of Heads of State and Government for implementing the Monrovia Strategy for the Economic, Social and Cultural Development of Africa and to adopting, among other measures, those relating to the setting up of regional structures and strengthening of those already existing for an eventual establishment of an African Economic Community. (Abubakar, 1989) At present though, self-sufficiency is becoming the goal of Africa and aside from the above suggested points, there is also a need to focus on external affairs more than just collective effort to attain the so-called self sufficiency. The external affairs that can be attained and is being talked about here is that Africa, more than just being affiliated in different international organizations where help form other countries are being sourced, African leaders who are in charge of coordinating with these

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 370

Assignment Example My confidence is 4. My experience with LMA has indicated that it can deliver higher oxygen saturation during emergency. A documented failure of the colorimetric carbon dioxide exists. The detector failed to indicate the color change in morbidity obese female patient with a history of schizophrenia, bronchiectasis, and remote burns (Levitan, Vanderbeek, and Kuhfahl 636). Despite the right placement in the trachea, the detector failed considerably to display color change. In my clinical site, uses the End-tidal carbon dioxide detector to maintain the safety of the patients. The method is used in the anesthesia department at my clinical site. The detector measures the carbon dioxide in the expired air to identify the changes in the elimination of the gas from the lungs. The digital numeric and waveform display confirms the concentration of the carbon dioxide. I would attach pulse oximeter and record oxygen saturation, resting heart rate, color, and respiratory rate. The second step would involve removing humidivent and performing tracheal, the attaching manometer. Placing the Passy-Muir Speaking Valve to monitor oxygen saturation, heart rate, color, state and respiratory rate together with measuring passive exhalations would follow. The third step would entail removing the manometer and replace humidivent. Lastly, I would determine the pass/fail in order to take appropriate action I would use the voice tracheostomy tube to enable the patient speak during the ventilation. The complications that may occur include bleeding, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, damage of esophagus, and injury of nerve

The Impact of Part Time work towards Academic Performance

The Impact of Part Time work towards Academic Performance 1. Introduction Most of MCAST students work part-time. Does this affect their school performance? If work is related to their studies this would definitely be beneficial. What if work is not study-related? After all, do students really need to work? Is a students life becoming boring? Curtis and Williams (2002) states that combining paid work and study, has become a norm in the UK. Vickers et al. (2003) report a similar situation in Australia, highlighting the global significance of this trend. According to Labour Force Survey carried out in the UK, it states that between 1996 and 2006 the amount of student engaged in part-time employment increased by 50%. According to the Journal of Organizational Behavior (1998) 50% of the full-time students in the U.S. have a part-time job. Part-time work can have a positive impact on the students especially if the work is course-related. Students can have a glimpse of their future job and determine whether they actually like that particular career path. Also, part-time jobs can help students improve time management skills and become more efficient. Parents and educators are in favour of employment amongst students because they believe that employment builds character (Greenberger and Steinberg, 1986). Dwyer et al. (2001) argue that combining work and study promotes a pragmatic perspective on education On the other hand, an excessive workload can have a detrimental effect not only on the students academic performance but also psychologically and physically. Combining work and study can also have negative effect on the students mental health such as stress and fatigue, leading to worsening performance in class. Rolfe (2002) reports that UK students believe that the excessive and unsocial hours of part-time work sometimes lead to tiredness and depression. If we had to look at higher education around the globe, say in the UK, students would have to pay approximately  £3000. In Germany, universities now charge à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1000 enrolment charge per year. In the USA the tuition fee varies around $9000 per year. Malta is one of the few exceptional cases were students are paid to study. MCAST students are entitled to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬83 per month and à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬233 at the beginning of the academic year. Out of which students are entitled to pay à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬372 BTEC registration fee. When I started university 6 years ago I never felt the need to do a part-time job (except in summer). Obviously, my budget was very tight and luxuries were inexistent. Nowadays, I started to believe that students prefer working part-time than keeping away from buying expensive mobiles, laptops and cars. This study examines two types of part-time work. Research has been preformed for students who work in the IT industry and the other research was carried out on students whose part-time job is not study-related. The purpose of this research is to find out whether these two types of part-time work affect the students performance and well-being. In this research we find that part-time jobs for student have a positive impact on their studies as long as the number of hours worked does not exceed twenty. Section 4 provides a background on the apprenticeship scheme at MCAST and other non-IT related jobs. Section 5 analyses the common part-time jobs amongst respondents and the main reasons for engaging in part-time work. Section 6 evaluates the effect of part-time work on students performance. In Section 7 the students well being is analyzed when compared to work and study commitments. Discussion, Future Limitations etc.. 2. Literature Review The literature reviewed below examines the popularity of part-time work amongst students, how employment is affecting students performance and how part-time work is effecting the students life. Some of the issues discussed in this research are the number of hours a student works, whether they still have time for study and leisure and how does this effect their academic performance and well-being. The prevalence of part-time work: According to Social and Economic Conditions of Student Life in Europe over 40% of the students from Spain, Sweden and Finland have work experience prior to entering into higher education. In general, more students from lower education backgrounds have work experience than students whose parents attained a higher education degree. It has been reported that poor students in countries such as Bulgaria, Ireland and Switzerland receive additional grants to compensate for the missing base funding via state support. For example, Irish students from low-educated families receive 93% more state support and high-educated families 44% less than the average student. In Malta students who come from families where the total household income is less than à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5,000 per year are eligible for a supplementary grant of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬42 every four weeks, which is additional to their regular stipend. In Netherlands and Estonia more than two thirds of the students have a part-time job. In Australia half to three quarters of the students work. According to the report of the French Conseil Economique et Social on students employment (2007), 15% to 20% of students work regularly while studying in France. Statistics Canada states that, in Canada more than 48% of the students work part time. Full-time students working more than 35 hours per week has almost doubled since 1990. According to the Canadian Undergraduate Survey Consortium, more than 50% of the students work during their least year of their degree than the first. In Austria, Czech Republic and Estonia there is a comparatively high rate of employment and a relatively close relationship between students jobs and students courses (Social and Economic Conditions of Student Life in Europe). Analyses of the Eurostudent survey indicates that the lowest level of students working part-time is in Southern Europe (especially Portugal and Italy) and the highest rate is in Netherlands and Ireland. Potential reasons for such outcomes may be due to the nature of the labour market and availability of jobs suitable for students. For example, in Greece the majority of students do not engage in paid employment due to lack of job opportunities (Dimitros and Karaliopoulou (2005)). Whereas, in the U.S. part time employment has become the norm amongst students (Bureau of Labour Statistics 2005). In the past few years employment among post-secondary students has been increasing rapidly. The effect of part-time employment on students performance: Ronald DAmico (1994) states that part-time employment provides opportunities to assume greater responsibility, authority and cooperative interdependence. Students who work part-time will develop networking skills; contacts and references will be valuable for future employment opportunities. Employers may prefer students who held part-time jobs while at college because it indicates stronger management skills. Also, there is high probability that students who worked part-time will be employed on full-time basis once they graduate with the same company. Green (2001) also stated that they[students] had gained job skills, experience, knowledge of a variety of jobs, a sense of accomplishment, a feeling of responsibility, and money for personal and school expenses (p. 329). Employment can have a positive effect if balance working hours and study are balanced (Cheng 1995). Research done by the University of Canberra shows that paid employment did not have a large effect on grades. Results show that some paid employment improves grades slightly, but working more than twenty-two hours per week has a negative effect. On the other hand, most of the research indicates that employment negatively affects students academic achievements especially those who work more than fifteen hours a week and they are more likely to drop out (Stern 1997). According to Furr and Elling (2000), 29% of the students working 30-39 hours per week and 39% of those students working full time indicated that work had a negative and frequent impact on their academic progress. (Dallam Hoyt, 1981) anticipated that there will be negative effects on school performance because of part-time employment. Juggling work and study may also lead students to put forth less effort into both because they are spreading themselves too thin (Astin, 1993). According to Canadian Social Trends, 1994 shows that student who worked more than 20 hours had 33% dropout rate whereas students who worked less than 20 hours had a 16% dropout rate. Young and immature students tend to find it difficult to mange working hours and study than older students (Barone 1993). Therefore, age also pays an important role in the students decisions. A March 2009 study by the Bureau of Labor Statistics states that students with part-time work reduce the time spent on homework, sleeping, and socialization by 84%. McInnes (2001) stated that compared with those who do not work, younger first year students who work part-time are more likely to spend fewer days on campus, to not work with other students on areas of their course, and to have studied inconsistently through the semester. They also tend to anticipate getting lower marks, and are more likely to seriously consider deferring at an early point of their student experience We also know that these negative factors are amplified the more hours students work, and they feel seriously burdened by overcommitment. (p. 5). The effect of part-time employment on the students life: Too many hours spent at work could also affect the students lifestyle such as participating in extracurricular activities. Greenberger and Steinberg(1986) argued that instead of instilling work habits, many students who worked part time at an early age were more prone to cheating and dealing with boring work. Students who are unable to manage their part-time income or have never been given the right advice on how to save money will find it more difficult to make budgets and are more prone to overspending. This will eventually result in increasing the number of working hours. Research also indicates that too many hours of work increases fatigue and may cause lower academic performance. Carskadon(1999) states that students who work more than 20 hours changed their sleeping patterns resulting in later bedtimes, shorter sleeps, possibility of falling asleep during class, late arrivals at school or missing lectures. Many students who work part time find have limited time for their hobbies and extra-curricular activities (Hope 1990). According to researchers Barling, Rogers and Kelloway, Labour force participation by high school students, especially more than 20 hours of part-time work per week, is linked to poorer school performance, increased drug and alcohol use, decreased family contacts, and cynical attitudes toward work On the other hand, Tannock (2001) and (Li-Chen Wooster, 1979) pointed out that student works tend to have low skilled jobs, such as a cashier, fast food worker or retail. It is assumed that these jobs have a negative effect whereas high-quality part-time jobs seem to develop career-related skills. Also, these jobs are more likely to be flexible and work with students schedules (Healy, OShea, Crook, 1985). A number of researchers, for example, found that hard work built stronger academic character because it taught the students time-management skills, gave them experience outside of the classroom, more confidence and provided them with more satisfaction in college (Pennington, Zvonkovic, Wilson, 1989). According to Smith and Green (2001) student who work learn a lot and they develop self-efficacy especially the low-achievers. In her research Singg (2002) found out that students who work part-time tend to show more responsibility in their daily personal situations and have greater career maturity than those students who do not work. Stern (1997) states that students will develop a more positive attitude to work when gaining work experience whilst studying. Managing to work part time during the studies will also be beneficial on the resume. Employers look for students who are capable of managing time, working in teams, able to communicate and work on their own initiative. Research by the University of New Hampshire shows students who have a lot of free time they are more prone to make use of drugs and other substances. Therefore, the benefits of having a part-time job will keep the students occupied during their free time. Moreover, students who work part-time become financially independent and learn how to effectively manage finances. 3. The Research Context MCAST-BTEC National Diploma in Computing (Software) is offered at Malta College of Arts, Science Technology (MCAST). This course is Level 4 and the duration is 1 year Full-time or 2 years part-time on an apprenticeship. The course specializes in Software Development and the modules are relevant to the needs of the industry. Students who opt for an apprenticeship will still cover the same modules but over the duration of 2 years. ETC assists apprentices in finding an employer with whom they can perform their on-the-job training during the apprenticeship period. Apprenticeship will be required to work 27 hours a week and attend lectures twice a week. During 2009/2010 academic year I have noticed a 3% drop out and 25% failure rate. It has been found out that students are not dedicating enough time to practice programming mainly due to part-time work commitments. This study is targeted towards this group of students. The major questions of this research are: What factors influence students to seek part-time employment? How do students juggle study and work commitments? Do students set priorities if study and work commitments clash? If yes, how? Does part-time work have an impact on the students academic performance? Does part-time work have an impact on the students social life and well-being? Do the types of jobs students work have an impact on their academic performance? Do the number of hours worked effect the students performance? Research Methods: A questionnaire was compiled for students enrolled in the second year of the Diploma (specializing in Software). Questionnaires were distributed to two classes (one apprenticeship and the other non-apprenticeship) during one of the lectures. I taught both classes the same modules, i.e. Programming Concepts/Practice and mentoring their end-of-year Software Projects. Students were asked to complete the questionnaire anonymously. The data was collected two months prior to the end of semester when the student attendance was high. A total of 35 students completed the questionnaire. The average age of the students interviewed was between 17 and 21 years. Questionnaire Structure: The questionnaire comprised of four sections as follows: General information including Age, Gender and indicating whether they are apprenticeship students or not. Students engagement in part-time employment, including type of job, number of hours worked per week, number of days worked per week and the average hourly rate Students distribution of income Students experiences in balancing work, study, personal development and leisure. Students were asked to indicate whether they worked during the academic year and, if so, the number of hours and days they worked per week and the hourly rate. To evaluate the impact of part-time work on education, students had to specify how many hours they spend studying and the frequency of missing lectures or assignment deadlines due to work commitments. Ethics Procedure: Students were advised that participation was voluntary and refusing to participate will not affect their academic report. Students were informed that completed questionnaires will be stored in a secure location and treated with strict confidence. The questionnaires did not include any confidential data such as parents income or whether the students family receives government social benefits and grants. 4. Overview of the students background: Apprentices: ICT students at MCAST can opt to form part of the Apprenticeship Scheme during the second year of the National Diploma. They will spend 2 days at the college and 3 days at the work place. Apprenticeship students work 27 hours a week and are paid à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬200 per month (besides the monthly stipend). The course will be completed within 3 years (1 Year Full-Time and 2 years part-time on an apprenticeship). The benefit of students working as apprentices is that they are exposed to the working world and therefore they can better relate theory to practice. These students are led by professionals thus gain training and a learning experience. Apprentice students are more likely to be recruited by the company after they have completed their studies. Non-Apprentices: The option is that students can decide to complete the National Diploma in two years full-time. They will only benefit from the monthly stipend as stated in Introduction Section. These students will be allocated seventeen hours of lecturing per week. Most of the ICT students opt for this choice mainly because they complete the Diploma within 2 years. 5. The prevalence of part-time work: Non-IT related part-time jobs: Employment is the only way students can earn extra cash. Since most of the students are under qualified it is very difficult to find course related jobs therefore they opt for other part-time jobs. According to the Labour Force Survey carried out in the UK, nearly half a million full-time students work in the retail sector and nearly quarter of a million students work in hotels and restaurants industry. This survey shows the complete opposite. Only 11% of the students interviewed work in the retail sector and nearly half the respondents work in the catering industry. Besides the 43% of the students who work at an IT company (apprentices), this survey shows that the most popular part-time jobs amongst MCAST students are the following: Figure 1: Survey Question: What type of job do you have? The most popular non-IT related jobs were waiters/waitresses at fast food outlets, crepe makers, selling fast food at stalls and serving drinks in bars and clubs. In general, there were more male students than females engaged in these types of part-time jobs. The least most popular were cashiers at retail shops, telephone assistants, receptionists and entertainers. On the other hand these types of jobs were more popular amongst female students. These jobs require the minimal responsibility, flexible hours and few qualifications. Conversely, companies prefer people who are committed and work long hours because of the short-term and long-term projects they will have to complete within a stipulated deadline. Reasons for engaging in part-time work: Students at MCAST receive à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬83 per month as stipend. Is this amount enough for a student? Why does a student need to work? The main reason why students work is because they want to buy a car and maintain it. A car gives students independence and a social status. In February 2009 InsiterOnline.com  [1]  carried out a survey showing that 85 out of 170 students own a car and 22 out of 85 have a car bought to them by their parents. This clearly shows that Maltese students priority is that by the age of 18 they own a car. The second most popular reason for working is having money to spend during the weekends. The minimum amount a teenager spends every weekend is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬20 including alcohol, transport and fast food takeaway. The third most popular reason for working is to buy clothing. Over the years I have noticed that students have become more conscious about their appearance. Most of the students wear expensive brand clothing and accessories. Other students prefer to do a part-time job to buy computer games and the latest gadgets. Keeping in mind that 99% of the students live with their parents therefore they do not have any accommodation expenses (besides a small percentage of the students who are expected to contribute to family expenses). The diagram below shows the statistics of this survey: Figure 2: Survey Question: How do you spend your part-time money? The most unexpected result was the 28% of the students who spend their part-time money on clothes. Research by the (Wheeler, 2001)states that in the U.S. an average student spends $57 weekly on clothes. To make matters worse, Malta is one of the most expensive countries in the EU to buy clothing. Evarist Bartolo  [2]  , ex-Minister of Education stated that, Maltas prices are the second highest in the Eurozone (after Slovakia). They are 150% relatively more expensive than EU average. Footwear in Malta has the highest prices in Eurozone: 164% relatively more expensive than EU average. Consumer electronics in Malta are the second highest in the Eurozone (after Slovakia): 186% relatively more expensive than EU average. Case studies: Reasons for students engaging in part-time jobs These case studies mostly suggested that students working long hours were doing so because of money. Working to earn extra money: David* is 19 years old and his obsession is cars. Similar to the majority of Maltese teens by the age of 18 years their first investment would be a car. This gives them independence and social status. David is not satisfied with buying a cheap second-hand car but his dream is have a modern sports car. David also believes that further education is mandatory in todays world, therefore he does not intend to stop studying. To be able to buy his dream car he estimates it would cost him around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬14,000. Since David is a student he can only apply for a loan of up to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5000, therefore the only option left is to sacrifice his free time and work. Working to pay for accommodation and living costs: Sarah* is 21 years old and comes from a middle-class family. During the last year together with her boyfriend they decided to rent a basic apartment and move in together. Although she comes from a middle-class family her family decided to assist her financially with school expenses but not for accommodation. To cope with the expenses, Sarah works as a shopkeeper between 4 and 7 during weekdays and between 9 and 12 on Saturday morning. Working to pay for leisure activities: Rebecca* is a fashion enthusiast and loves parties. She is always wearing brand clothing and accessories. The stipend is not enough to buy expensive clothing and go out in the weekends. Therefore, Rebecca works 10 hours a week at a clothing shop to make up for the extra expenses. Working to gain experience: Nathan* is one of the brightest students I have ever taught. He is 21 years old and an apprenticeship student. Besides working at an IT company he also works as a freelance web designer. During his free time he is always researching new technologies and enhancing his programming skills. *The names mentioned in the above case studies are fictitious. 6. The effect of part-time work on students performance: Evaluating Students Income: Students living with their parents have a higher amount of income when compared to others who have to maintain their own households. In other European countries students have to spend one third of their income on accommodation. In general, MCAST students spend most of their daily expenses on transport and food. The following table evaluates a students daily expenses; assuming that the majority of the students do not own a car but use public transport. Breakdown of an average student daily expenditure: Public Transport: (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬1 each way) à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬2.00 Lunch Soft drink: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3.50 Total Daily Expenses à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5.50 If we had to make some calculations: An MCAST student receives à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬83 per month. S/he spends on average à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5.50 a day at the college. Calculation: Monthly stipend à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 83 Less Monthly expenses (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5.50 * 20 days) à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬110 Remaining Balance à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬27 The above calculation shows that a student who commutes to school using public transport and buys lunch from the college canteen everyday the stipend will not be enough to cover these basic expenses. The student makes a loss of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬27 monthly. Paid Work: Few working hours will unlikely have an impact on the studies, but the more hours worked the more there will be an impact on the students academic performance. This section will take into consideration 4 factors; pay and conditions for students working part-time, time spent in paid employment, time spent at college and time spent studying. Pay and Conditions for Students working part-time: According to the Part-time Employees (Amendment) Regulations, 2010- L.N. 117 of 2010, published on the 12th March 2010, part-timers should be paid à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬4.75 per hour during weekdays and on Sundays and Public Holidays the rate is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬6.50 per hour. It is more likely that students from low-income families engage in a part-time job during their studies. Research shows that nearly half of the respondents earn à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬3 to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬4 per hour, which by and large is the minimum wage. Only 5% of the respondents earn à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬6 to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬7 per hour. This survey assumes that the statistics are based on the net pay. Figure 3: Survey Question: How much money do you earn per hour (net pay)? Time spent in paid employment: Furr and Elling (2000) and Dallam Hoyt, (1981) agree that the number of hours worked effect the students performance. There is a negative impact when students work more than twenty hours a week. Figure 4 shows that more than fifty percent of the interviewees work more than twenty hours a week. The majority of these students work as bartenders, waitresses or waiters, therefore it is quite common to work long hours because of the opening hours. Their shifts are usually from 5 pm till late at night. Such part-time jobs do not only entail taking orders and serving food but they are also generally requested to clean the place after the establishment closes. Figure 4: Survey Question: How many hours do you work per week? Nearly half of the respondents work between four to five days a week. The majority work on Friday evening and Saturday. Wednesdays and Sundays are also common working days. Students prefer not to work during the weekdays because of school commitments but if they are asked to work during the weekdays the majority of the students admitted that they would not refuse work. This clearly shows that students are eager to make money. Figure 5: Survey Question: How many days a week do you work? Time spent at college: Students are timetabled seventeen hours of lecturing. The following is a timetable of one of the classes interviewed. On average they spend six and a half hours at the college. Out of which they have four and half hours of lecturing. Overall, students wait ninety minutes between lectures. Figure 6: Sample Timetable Time spent studying: ICT students at MCAST spend 8 hours weekly in a computer laboratory. During these hours students will be thought programming concepts and they will also have hands-on sessions where they can practice under the teachers supervision. 8 hours are not enough to learn programming. Students have to practice at home to succeed. According to an article issued by Monash University (Faculty of ICT) states that programming students should spend at least 10 hours per week studying and practicing. Results: This section will describe the outcome of this research. Figures in section 4, 5 and 6 have been analyzed and evaluated. The table below calculates the number of hours remaining after deducting the total number of lecturing hours and hours allocated for studying, working and sleeping per week. The following calculation is based on a student who works 20 hours a week Hours Lectures per week 16 Working hours 20 Studying 10 Sleeping (7 hours * 7 days) 49 Total Hours Remaining (168 hours 95 hours) 73 Total hours in a week: 24 hours * 7 = 168 hours Total appointed hours: 16 + 20 + 49 + 10 = 95 hours The above estimations illustrate a breakdown of the number of hours in a week. As a result a student who works part time can only utilize the remaining 73 hours for study time and leisure. According to the EuroStudent survey, in most of the countries the average time spent on personal study time ranges between 30 to 35 hours per week. According to the EuroStudent document, the national averages for study-related activities (i. e. for taught courses and personal study time) range between 25 hours per week in Slovakia and Estonia and up to around 40 hours a week in Romania and Bulgaria. In most of the countries time spent on studies clusters around 30 to 35 hours per week. Gender % Number of Students Females 23% 8 Males 77% 27 Type of student % Number of Students Apprenticeship 43% 15 Non-apprenticeship 57% 20 Working hours for non-apprenticeship students (i.e. not IT related): Number of Hours % Number of Students More than 20 hours 40% 8 Less than 20 hours 30% 6 Do not work 30% 6 Grades % Number of Students Pass 14% 5 Merit 26% 9 Distinctions 40% 14 Fail 20% 7 Breakdown of grades: Working Scheme No. of students Pass No. of students Merit No. of students Distinction No. of students Fail Apprenticeship 5 10 > 20 hours 1 7 3 3 Do not work 1 1 3 1 The above statistics show that students who do not work or have a course related job are the most successful. The highest number of students who achieved a distinction are the apprenticeship students. With regards the group of students who work more than 20 hours a week, only one out of eight managed to achieve a pass the rest failed the module. The group who worked less than 20 hours a week managed to obtain a Pass and half of the group even managed to obtain a Merit. This shows that if students manage to balance work and st

John Ernst Steinbeck :: Essays Papers

John Ernst Steinbeck Chronology Born: February 27,1902 in the family home. He lived at 132 Central Avenue, Salinas, CA. He wrote his first stories here as a child. Father: John Ernst Steinbeck. He lived 1863-1935. He was the County Treasurer. Mother: Olive Hamilton Steinbeck. She lived 1867-1934. She was an elementary teacher. Sisters: Elizabeth Steinbeck Ainsworth. She was born on May 25,1894 and died on October 20, 1992. She lived in Pacific Grove, CA. Esther Steinbeck Rodgers. She was born April 14,1892 and died on May 9,1986. She lived in Watsonville, CA Mary Steinbeck Dekker. She was born on January 9,1905 and died January 23,1965. She is buried in the family plot. 1919: Graduated from Salinas High School, then located on West Alisal Street across from the post office. Began attending Stanford University. 1919 - 1925: He attended Stanford University. 1925: He went to New York City, working odd jobs, including manual labor for the construction of Madison Square Garden. He was unable to find a publisher. He returned to California the next year. 1929: Cup of Gold became his first published novel. 1930: Married Carol Henning and moved to the family home in Pacific Grove. His father helped support the struggling couple. They divorced in 1942. She lived in Carmel Valley, CA after and died February 8, 1983. 1932: The Pastures of Heaven became his first published work set in Monterey County. 1934: His mother died in the Salinas home. John had stayed in the home to take care of her. After this experience, Steinbeck wrote to a friend, "The house in Salinas is pretty haunted now. I see things walking at night that it is not good to see." Steinbeck wrote to 1934: A short story set in Monterey County, The Murder, won an O. Henry Prize. 1935: His father died. This was the first year Steinbeck had commercial success. Tortilla Flat was an instant hit. 1935: He won the Commonwealth Club of California Gold Medal for Best Novel by a Californian for Tortilla Flat. 1936: He again won the Commonwealth Club of California Gold Medal for Best Novel by a Californian for In Dubious Battle. 1936: Of Mice and Men, set around Soledad, was produced as a novel and then as a play. The Red Pony by Steinbeck also won recognition. Steinbeck mentioned labor violence in Salinas in a letter, "There are riots in Salinas and killings in the streets of that dear little town where I was born.